![]() ![]() There is also some evidence for eidetic memories in hearing some people report that their echoic memories persist for unusually long periods of time. These people, who often suffer from psychological disorders such as autism, claim that they can “see” an image long after it has been presented, and can often report accurately on that image. In some people iconic memory seems to last longer, a phenomenon known as eidetic imagery (or “photographic memory”) in which people can report details of an image over long periods of time. This is convenient as it allows you-among other things-to remember the words that you said at the beginning of a long sentence when you get to the end of it, and to take notes on your psychology professor’s most recent statement even after he or she has finished saying it. In contrast to iconic memories, which decay very rapidly, echoic memories can last as long as 4 seconds (Cowan et al., 1990). The “short enough” is the length of iconic memory, which turns out to be about 250 milliseconds (1⁄4 of a second).Īuditory sensory memory is known as echoic memory. ![]() They can mentally visualize the image and recall it with astonishing accuracy. Those with eidetic memory can remember the image for an extended period, ranging from a few minutes to several years. This finding confirmed Sperling’s hunch: Participants had access to all of the letters in their iconic memories, and if the task was short enough, they were able to report on the part of the display he asked them to. Eidetic memory, also known as photographic memory, refers to the ability to recall an image with incredible detail after only a brief exposure to it. In this condition, the participants now reported almost all the letters in that row. To test this idea, in his next experiment he first showed the same letters, but then after the display had been removed, he signaled to the participants to report the letters from either the first, second, or third row. Sperling reasoned that the participants had seen all the letters but could remember them only very briefly, making it impossible for them to report them all. The research demonstrated the existence of iconic memory. He found that when he cued the participants to report one of the three rows of letters, they could do it, even if the cue was given shortly after the display had been removed. Sperling (1960) showed his participants displays such as this one for only one-twentieth of a second. ![]()
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